Dome of the Florence Cathedral Brunelleschi · The Charioteer of Art
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In this video we go back to my favourite period: the Renaissance. And we do so with one of its most emblematic works, which can be said to inaugurate the Quattrocento in architecture: the Dome of Santa Maria del Fiore, that is, of the Florence Cathedral, the work of Filippo Brunelleschi. Built between 1420 and 1436, the dome of the Duomo of Florence is extraordinary in many ways: when nobody knew how to cover the immense space left by Arnolfo di Cambio (the architect who built the cathedral), 43m in diameter, Brunelleschi presented an innovative project that envisaged the construction of two domes, an inner one, thicker and more robust and with 24 ribs as a support structure, and another outer one, thinner and lighter and with only 8 ribs (called costoloni in Italian), made of white marble that stands out against the red of the tiles and gives it such a beautiful and airy appearance. His construction technique, based on bricks laid in a herringbone pattern, allowed the dome to “grow on itself” without the need for scaffolding, which was the way of building in the Gothic period but which was impossible for such a huge space. Historical anecdote: Lorenzo Ghiberti had beaten Brunelleschi in the 1401 competition for the second doors of the Florence Baptistery (I will soon publish a video on the subject), so the former had more fame and prestige than the latter. For this reason, both were appointed directors of works for the dome, despite the fact that the winning project was Brunelleschi's. The latter, offended, and aware that Ghiberti was not capable of directing the works (he was an excellent sculptor and goldsmith but not a good architect or engineer), pretended to be ill and was absent from the work for weeks. That was a disaster, Ghiberti himself admitted not being able to solve the thousand and one problems that arose daily, so Brunelleschi was asked to return to work, this time as sole director of the project. Yes friends, ego battles in the Renaissance!
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