DEMONSTRATION OF OCTOPUS INTELLIGENCE IN THE ZARAGOZA AQUARIUM

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AcuariodeZaragoza

Published on Oct 15, 2021
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The Zaragoza Aquarium has been conducting an experiment for two months with its octopus “Laura” (Octopus vulgaris) to demonstrate the great intelligence that these animals possess, as well as their ability to develop curiosity and memory. An example is that an octopus has as many neurons as a dog, the former being an invertebrate and the latter a higher vertebrate. The experiment consisted of producing a prototype with methacrylate tubes and pieces of PVC in the shape of an H, in such a way that there was only one access and a pantry with food. The study wanted to see if the octopus was able to “learn” to access the food, solving the maze that this prototype represented, and at the same time discover the time it took to learn it and the ability to memorize the solution. The experiment consisted of producing a prototype with methacrylate tubes and pieces of PVC in the shape of an H, in such a way that there was only one access and a pantry with food. The study aimed to see if the octopus was able to “learn” to access food by solving the maze that the prototype represented, and at the same time discover how long it took to learn it and its ability to memorize the solution. The result could not be more conclusive: Laura showed great interest in the prototype from the first day, she accessed it without fear, and in less than 2 days she learned to successfully obtain the food. We repeated this exercise with the animal twice a day (morning and afternoon) during these 2 months continuously and in a high percentage of times with success on the first try, without making a mistake in the choice. This demonstrates several theories that were already held about these animals. Octopuses are very curious invertebrates, a characteristic that is linked to intelligence. A few minutes after placing the prototype, Laura showed interest and curiosity about it, approaching it to investigate and manipulate it. This is very rare in animals, since, as a general rule, the response to a strange element in an animal's enclosure in a zoo or aquarium is to become frightened and move away from said object, at least for several days or weeks. This happens even with higher vertebrates, animals that have a complex and evolved nervous system. Another fact demonstrated by the Zaragoza Aquarium experiment is that octopuses are capable, when faced with a problem or situation, of choosing and discriminating when they have the option to do so. Based on their observations and life experiences, the choice is usually the correct one in most cases. Laura managed to access the food, on the first attempt, in most cases, when she had to choose one path or another to get it. Octopus at the entrance to the labyrinth Another very significant fact observed during the experiment was that Laura showed curiosity and interest in what was happening, both in the public gallery and in the technical work area. Sometimes the animal did not perform the exercise correctly because it was “distracted” interacting with both visitors and the keeper. We observed that, to attract the attention of the aquarist, it would spray water on him with its siphon to soak him and thus make itself noticed. Finally, it was also widely demonstrated that they are animals with memory, since if we stopped offering food in the prototype for 3-4 days, once we showed it to it again, it would find the correct path within a few minutes. In short, this experiment carried out at the facilities of the Zaragoza Aquarium corroborates the phrase that a researcher once said about these extraordinary animals: “If we had to choose an animal from the millions of species existing on the planet, which we think may come from another planet, undoubtedly, this animal would be the octopus.”

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