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Saint-Michel Abbey of Saint-Mihiel, former Benedictine abbey located in Saint-Mihiel, in the Meuse. Founded in the Merovingian era, it became a major center of study under the Carolingians with Abbot Smaragde, and remained so until the 18th century, notably thanks to its library. It was completely rebuilt in the 18th century, in a configuration maintained to this day. Since the abbey was founded in the Merovingian era, the Benedictines, faithful to their reputation as scholars, built a library over the centuries. Initially composed of manuscripts, the library expanded very quickly with the invention of printing in the 15th century. In the 18th century, two rooms were built, one of which was 50 meters long, allowing the classification of more than 12,000 works. Still preserved in its original buildings, the library was not dispersed or moved after the Revolution. Initially owned by the State, it was left in relative abandonment before being entrusted to the municipality in 1848, which made it a public library until 1985. In 1915, a French shell destroyed most of the library, and prompted the German command to implement the Kunstschutz program. The collections were moved to the Musée de la Cour d'Or in Metz. The works were returned in 1935. Despite losses and thefts after the Revolution and damage caused during the First World War, the Benedictine library of Saint-Mihiel still holds nearly 8,700 works, including 74 manuscripts and 86 incunabula, as well as 1,150 printed works from the 16th century. The collection is not exclusively religious; in the 18th century, 3,441 books dealt with secular subjects, including history, geometry, military arts, literary works, law, science and technology, etc.