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benign ovarian cysts; ovarian lesion; benign lesion; malignant lesion; borderline lesion; functional cysts; organic pathological cysts; endometriotic cysts; ovarian fibroids; dermoid cysts; follicles; chocolate cysts; embryonic derivation; menstrual irregularity; abdominal pain; swelling; urinary disorders; hemorrhagic shock; ischemia; transvaginal gynecological ultrasound; plasma dosage; nuclear magnetic resonance; pretumoral lesion; ovarian cancer; malignant transformation; endometriosis; ovarian carcinoma; An ovarian cyst is essentially a lesion that affects the ovary. It can be liquid or solid in nature and can present different characteristics both from a clinical point of view and especially from a biological point of view. Biologically a cyst can be benign and malignant or have an uncertain behavior of malignancy that we define as a borderline lesion which is a sort of intermediate lesion between the two. Ovarian cysts can affect a woman's life at any stage. They tend to be very rare in pre-adolescence and adolescence, but are the most common reason for women to visit a gynecologist during the reproductive or perimenopausal years.