■ The brain structure of top students in the school is different? The brains of nine high school freshmen were scanned in three dimensions using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The students' Korean, English, and math scores were then entered into a computer. The results showed that students with high grades tended to have thicker gray matter in the frontal area of ​​the prefrontal cortex, just inside the forehead. According to a paper published in 'Science' in September 2010 by Dr. Stephen Fleming of the Center for Cognitive Neuroscience at New York University, this area showed a high correlation with the ability to reflect on oneself, or metacognition. ■ Metacognition predicts grades better than IQ. Professor Marcel Veenman of Leiden University in the Netherlands analyzed the factors affecting grades and found that IQ determines grades by about 25%, while metacognition determines about 40%. The hopeful thing is that while IQ can only be improved through training, metacognition can be successfully improved through training. ■ Study method comparison experiment: Self-test VS. The relearning reporting team, along with Professor Lisa Son of Columbia University’s Department of Psychology, a metacognition specialist, and the Ajou University Department of Psychology team, conducted a comparative study experiment targeting first-year students at Incheon Haneul High School. The first-year students read and memorized word pairs, then reread them (relearn) once and took a self-test like a quiz the other time. They also wrote down their expected scores. The results of the experiment showed that the students’ expected scores were higher for relearning, but their actual scores were 10 points higher for self-testing. Self-testing alone was shown to have a 10-point increase in grades because it involves a metacognitive process of checking whether one knows or does not know. ■ “There is no easy and convenient study.” However, despite the fact that self-testing is a better study method, most students preferred relearning. According to Professor Lisa Son of Columbia University’s Department of Psychology, the reason students dislike self-testing is because they dislike the stress they would receive if they made a mistake during the process. The reason why people prefer re-learning is because they feel good because they feel like they know something when they read it again. So, even though self-testing is real studying, they mistakenly think that re-learning is good studying, and they mistakenly think that they are studying well while re-learning. This is because they lack the metacognitive ability to look at their own studying. However, things that they learn easily tend to be easily forgotten. ■ Metacognition is hidden in the study of the best student in the entire school. So, what kind of metacognition is hidden in the study of the best student in the entire school? When the reporting team filmed the study of Kang Su-wan, the best student in the entire school at Incheon Haneul High School, through an observation camera, they were able to discover elements of metacognition such as self-testing in Kang's study. Metacognition is largely divided into two parts. First, self-evaluation to look at one's own study, and second, self-regulation to create one's own study strategy and put that study strategy into practice. The reporting team was able to find two elements in Kang's study. ■ Metacognition = Self-directed learning Professor Kim Kyung-il of Ajou University said that self-directed learning, which has recently become a hot topic, is largely determined by metacognition. The core of self-directed learning is metacognition, which allows you to look at your own studies, know what you know and don’t know, find problems there, and find strategies to supplement those problems. ■ “Metacognition can be improved through training” Recently, research on the relationship between metacognition and studying has been active in the United States and Europe. There was even an academic journal called “Metacognition and Learning.” This is because metacognition can be improved through appropriate training, and can become a lifelong asset beyond studying during your school days. This is why there are growing calls to include metacognition in the regular curriculum. ■ Appearances Kim Young-bo, Professor, Gachon University School of Medicine Stephen Fleming, New York University Center for Neuroscience Lisa Sohn, Professor, Columbia University Department of Psychology Kim Kyung-il, Professor, Ajou University Department of Psychology Marcel Weenmann, Professor, Leiden University, Netherlands Incheon Sky High School Gwangju Daesung Girls’ High School Seoul National University ※ This video is [Current Affairs Planning Window - The Top Student in the School Knows About Studying] that aired on July 8, 2014. #Study #Motivation #Metacognition ✔KBS Documentary KBS Official YouTube Channel [KBS Documentary] ????Subs