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By Sonia PELLISSIER, Lecturer at the Inter-university Laboratory of Psychology – Personality, Cognition, Social Change (LIP-PC2S). Our digestive tract is a highly sophisticated organ. Research conducted over the last fifteen years in the field of neuroscience has revealed that our digestive tract contains a “second brain”: the enteric nervous system, which establishes a permanent dialogue with the central brain. This dialogue is enriched by messages emanating from billions of bacteria that reside in our digestive tract: the microbiota, a true organ within the organ. These interactions between the microbiota, the enteric brain and the central brain influence our behavior, thoughts and emotions. When these exchanges are difficult, it is our physical and mental health that is threatened… Conference filmed on October 13, 2016.