Hello everyone. In this video, we tried to talk about the 5 basic benefits of green fertilization, especially for vetch. Let's list and detail each one. 1- Natural Nitrogen Source Plants such as vetch, clover, pea and broad bean have the ability to accumulate free nitrogen in the air in their roots. Plants accumulate this nitrogen until the flowering period and start using it from the flowering period for the continuation of their own generation. We ensure that nitrogen remains in the soil by shaping or mixing at this stage. When planted for the first time, nodules on the root may be few. This is because suitable and compatible nitrogen-fixing bacteria are found in the root area infrequently. However, the nodule rate will gradually increase from the second year onwards. According to research, vetch can release 40 kg of pure nitrogen per acre at full yield. In other words, this is almost equivalent to giving 2 bags (100 kg) of Urea fertilizer per acre. If we assume that there are 30-40 trees per acre, it means giving 1-1.5 kg of pure nitrogen per tree, which means that it meets almost all of the nitrogen need. This nitrogen is not washed out, does not evaporate or disappear. Bacteria slowly rot the nodules and its effect is distributed throughout a season. The tree has the chance to reach nitrogen whenever it wants and needs it. 2- Increasing Organic Matter As it is known, organic matter is the most important element for the soil. It is not possible to expect yield from soils poor in organic matter (e.g. desert). Organic matter is of critical importance in terms of root development, water retention capacity, cation exchange capacity, artificial fertilizer effectiveness, reclamation of calcareous and salty soils, and soil aggregation. According to the analysis results, the first priority should be to increase the amount of organic matter to at least 3 levels. With the vetch we plant, the surface of our soil gains a structure that constantly photosynthesizes and nourishes the soil. The root structure, which reaches 1.5 meters, ventilates and loosens the soil. When we mow, the underground structure of the plant remains as food for the bacteria and microbial existence under the soil. Producers who cannot provide organic nutrients to their soil, namely animal manure, compost, leonardite, etc., should definitely evaluate green manure. The amount of organic matter will increase significantly in a few years. 3- Weed Control We need to fight against weeds, which are the real owners of the soil, for the order and cleanliness of the garden. Our farmers either plow or use herbicides (herbicide). Both methods are extremely wrong and harmful. Our soils become barren due to the continuation of these wrong practices for years. Carbon evaporates from the plowed soil, nutrients oxidize, microbial existence disappears, and vertical and side erosion increases. In vetch planting, it will suppress winter and spring weeds, and when it is mowed in the spring and left as mulch, it will prevent the development of summer weeds. In other words, nail will pull out nail. 4- Preservation of Moisture in the Soil A warm and moist soil structure is very important for the development of plants and bacteria. With the vetch we leave as mulch, we will both keep our soil moist and protect it from the scorching heat of summer. In this way, our tree and microbial existence will continue to work for much longer since we provide the appropriate conditions. 5- Effect Against Erosion Soil transportation, i.e. erosion, is inevitable in sloping lands with loose and plow bases. It is a big problem that the most productive layer of the soil, which has been formed with great effort for years, is being carried away. As a result of the intermediate plowing in the gardens, trees are virtually suspended with erosion and cannot put out lateral roots. Therefore, plowing should be avoided and cover crops that will hold the soil should be grown. Vetch minimizes erosion thanks to its root structure. In addition, since it provides air and water passage from top to bottom, the rains that fall do not flow but are absorbed by the soil. You can provide all these benefits and more by planting only vetch, broad beans, peas, etc. It can be planted in November by mixing 15kg of vetch and 5-6kg of wheat or barley per acre with 10kg of DAP base fertilizer and harvested in April. I wish all our farmers a fruitful season. Best regards, greetings...