Izmir 1964 #eskiizmir After the wars, Izmir, which was exhausted, started to be revitalized with the Republic. First of all, foreign capital had to be invited to Izmir in order to revitalize trade, and the city needed this. For this, foreign states and companies were invited to Izmir and local products that provided Izmir's wealth were wanted to be introduced. The first effort to exhibit and introduce local products was made during the Izmir Economic Congress and the "Numune Meşheri", which was considered the first step of the Izmir Fair, was opened, then in 1927, under the leadership of the governor of the period, Kazım Pasha, the establishment of the Fair under the name of "9 September Meşheri" was realized. While searching for a place for the Izmir Fair, the zoning of Izmir was also taken into consideration and the fire area was reconstructed as "Kültürpark" in 1936 and the Izmir Fair started to be organized in this city park. Completed in 1936, Kültürpark became one of the most important green area works carried out in our country up to this period. The Culture Park became one of the most important recreational areas of the city with its Zoo, Parachute Tower, Luna Park, Open Air Theater, Painting and Sculpture Museum and cultural and art centers. In the 1940s, under the influence of E. Egli and SHEldem, just like the First Nationalism, the “national” architecture essence in the past, but unlike it, this time interpreting the products of civil architecture, “national” but “modern” design approach that could be made with local materials and workmanship began to dominate. Cooperatives such as the Central Bank Members (1947) and the Municipality Officers Cooperative (1949) that were built on the fire areas around the fair, defined a new environment consisting of single or twin adjacent units with a detached layout, different from both the traditional and Levantine layouts of Izmir, while on the other hand, they exhibited the “national/modern” design approach with their designs that referenced traditional housing. One of the most important elements that the 1950s added to the general appearance of the city was undoubtedly the Varyantyol. Completed in two stages in 1951-1952 and constructed as asphalt on reinforced concrete, the road connected Konak to Eşrefpaşa by destroying a part of Bahribaba Park. A similar road to Varyantyol was also planned to connect Kadifekale to the center via Ballıkuyu, but it could not be realized. In addition, an expropriation movement was initiated to expand İkiçeşmelik, Gaziler and Mısırlı roads, which were no longer considered sufficient for the needs; these roads were expanded by renewing their infrastructures with the works carried out between 1952-1955. The first half of the 1950s was the years when “mechanization in agriculture” was taken as the basis for development, and a surplus labor force emerged in rural areas, and this surplus agricultural labor force migrating to the city in the hope of work and food could not integrate with the city and began to create the phenomenon called “slums” on the city fringes. While unplanned developments devoid of any kind of infrastructure spread rapidly on the city fringes, rising land values ​​in city centers were forcing floor increases. For these reasons, the inadequate plans led to the need for a new plan in Izmir, now the third largest city in Turkey, and the holding of an international competition. It was seen that the three-story height envisaged in the 1952 plan of Prof. Y. Architect Kemal Ahmet Aru, assistant Y. Architect Gündüz Özdeş and assistant Y. Architect Emin Canbolat, who won the competition, was not sufficient for the housing needs due to the fact that the urban population, which increased as a result of migration, exceeded expectations. During this period, architectural formation features also moved away from early modern influences and exhibited features that adopted the Second National architectural approach. Another important change that created effective results in architectural formation in these years was the widespread use of reinforced concrete carcass construction systems due to the developments in material technologies and the opening of the cement factory in Izmir in 1954. The two-storey garden houses were sacrificed to rapid construction in the 1960s and 1970s, parallel to the industrialization and enrichment of Izmir, and with the intense migration, the city, which could not expand outwards, rose upwards and turned into 8-10 storey buildings. Starting from the 1960s, the effect of mechanization in agriculture showed itself as the migration of the population, which was rapidly breaking away from rural areas, to large cities. In a very short time, the urban population balance underwent a major change and the phenomenon of shantytowns emerged. One of the most important gains of Izmir's development works after the fire of 1922 is undoubtedly the Republic Square and the A